The niger delta is situated in the gulf of guinea and extends throughout the niger delta province. Investigating the distribution and variation of reservoir property within a field is important for both field development plan and production optimisation. Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the niger delta in. The niger delta is framed on the northwest by a subsurface continuation of the west african shield, the benin flank. Niger delta river basin development authority official website. The niger river basin is an extraordinary asset for the nine countries that are within its watershed and for the broader west and central africa region. Structural and stratigraphic mapping of delta field. The niger delta is a vast lowlying region through which the waters of. The nigerdelta forms one of the worlds major hydrocarbon provinces and it is situated on the gulf of guinea on the west coast of africa southern part of. The study concluded that the onshore niger delta is characterized by a typical prograding delta architecture with a shallowingup pattern in which a series of strata consistently showed evidence of the younger beds being deposited in shallower water than the older beds they overlay. Currently, 26 oil and gas fields are producing from the nigerdelta basin. In the paleocene, a major transgression referred to as the sokoto transgression reijers et al.
The niger basin is the largest river basin of western africa. A comparative model approach to pore pressure prediction. The niger delta human development report benefited immensely from many individuals and institutions. The rdr basin is a passive margin basin present in the gulf of guinea and it is located southeast of niger delta over an area of about 7,000 km2 offshore. The fundamental causative event for the origin of the niger delta basin was the breakup of the gondwana supercontinent. The targeted reservoirs in these nigerdelta fields are located within the nwse oriented pliocene to recent depocenter, in wave and tidal dominated delta. Lithologies of cretaceous rocks deposited in what is now the niger delta basin can only be extrapolated from the exposed cretaceous section in the next basin to the. Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the niger delta geologos. Niger delta sedimentary basin is a large arcuate delta of the destructive dominated wave type that has been explored for oil and gas and exploited since 1958. This was aimed at increasing the resolution for prediction of reservoir, seal, and source rocks in the eastern part. According to 2,todays niger delta basin starts from idah and can be mapped in an area about halfway between enugu and onitsha which is somewhere around the oji river bridge. During the cenozoic, until the middle miocene, the niger delta grew through pulses of sedimentation over an oceanwarddipping continental basement into the gulf of guinea. First oil discovery was in the okan field in december 1963. The niger delta is the cenozoic gross offlap clastic succession built out on top of the anambra basin.
From the eocene to the present, the delta has prograded southwest ward, forming depobelts that represent the most active portion of the delta at each. The weathering flanks of outcropping continental basement sourced the sediments through the benueniger drainage basin. The formation of niger delta basin was initiated in the early tertiary time. Regional setting of niger delta basin after emery et al. The niger delta basin is situated in the gulf of guinea in equatorial west africa, between latitudes 30n and 60n and longitudes 50e and 80e reijers et al, 1996 fig. However, the sedimentary successions in these basins are broadly divisible into. Thermal maturity evaluation and prediction of petroleum generation. Reconstruction of the subsurface depositional history of. Virtual soil science learning resources 5,098 views.
Each country within the basin has unique geographic settings and a wide. Ndbda niger delta basin development authority nddb niger delta development board nddc niger delta development commission. Pdf on jul 26, 2018, sylvester chibueze izah and others published ecosystem of the niger delta region of nigeria. The first began with a marine incursion in the middle cretaceous and. The niger delta petroleum system usgs publications repository. The basin is deformed by large synsedimentaty faults, roll. The delta is compose d of three maj or structural formation s, namely. Department of geology, university of port harcourt, nigeria abstract. Model based on biostratigraphic data and core sedimentology, model based on core sedimentology and model based on regional seismic reflection profile and well log data. The niger delta basin development authority is a serviceoriented organization that is positioned to meet the water requirements of stakeholders in the most satisfactory and costefficient manner, while ensuring good quality and sanitation and paying adequate attention to the preservation of the ecosystem, using proven technology and a wellmotivated workforce. Predicting petroleum generation is a critical issue in prospect evaluation for the deeper prospects because of its economic implications. The benue trough had been formed as part of the widely distributed african rift population which originated some 140 million years ago burke, 1996.
Pdf ecosystem of the niger delta region of nigeria. Sequence stratigraphy and depositional environments of. The niger delta basin is one of the most prolific hydrocarbon provinces in the world, yet the origin of the vast amounts of oil and gas found in the numerous sub. Anambra basin in what became the north ern depobelt of the niger delta figs 1, 3. It is typically considered to be located within nine coastal southern nigerian states, which include. The coastal sedimentary basin of nigeria lias been the scene of three deposilional cycles. As a sedimentary basin, the niger delta en compasses a region that is much larger than the geographical extent of the modern delta constructed by the niger benue drainage systems. Facilities design, construction and operation offshore facilities and subsea systems 0. The niger delta, which stretches for nearly 150 miles 240 km from north to south and spreads along the coast for about 200 miles 320 km, extends over an area of 14,000 square miles 36,000 square km. Potentials and threats find, read and cite all the research you need on. The topmost formation is the benin formation and is composed of coastal sandstones that are up to 2, 000 m thick in some regions. During the following decades the temperature measurements in boreholes were an important element of the hydrocarbon prospecting. Niger delta province, nigeria, cameroon, and equatorial guinea, africa by michele l. The source of the niger river farthest away from the mouth is in the mountains of guinea near the border with sierra leone.
Application of seismic stratigraphy and structural analysis in the determination of petroleum plays within the eastern niger delta basin, nigeria, journal of petroleum exploration and production technology, 2015, pp. Well logs, biostratigraphic data, seismic data and semblance map which together form a multidisciplinary data approach, were utilized in the geological evaluation of hydrocarbon prospect fobfield, onshore coastal swamp depobelt in the niger delta basin. The niger river, which rises in the mountains of guinea and enters the sea through its delta in southern nigeria, is about 2,600 miles in length. Here, the nsukka formation is overlain by the imo formation which is the basal unit of the niger delta sedimentary package. Static reservoir modeling using well log and 3d seismic. The coastal sedimentary basin of nigeria has been the scene of three depositional cycles.
The niger delta basin, also referred to as the niger delta province, is an extensional rift basin. Porosity, nettogross, water saturation and permeability information, derived from. The niger delta basin is located on the continental margin of the gulf of guinea in equatorial west africa and lies between latitudes 4 o oand 7 n and longitudes 3 o and 9 o e whiteman, 1982. The niger delta basin, also referred to as the niger delta province, is an extensional rift basin located in the niger delta and the gulf of guinea on the passive continental margin near the western coast of nigeria with suspected or proven access to cameroon, equatorial guinea and sao tome and principe. The current conflict in the niger delta first arose in the early 1990s over tensions between foreign oil corporations and a number of the niger deltas minority ethnic groups who feel they are being exploited, particularly the ogoni and the ijaw. Niger delta province, nigeria, cameroon, and equatorial guinea, africa. The delta has since paleocene times prograded a distance of more than 250 km from the benin and calabar flanks to the present delta front evamy et al. Detailed studies on depositional sequence, genetic facies, and depositional environment were done using sequence stratigraphic tool in the paralic sequence of middle to late miocene age in the coastal swamp depobelt of the niger delta basin. An estimate of oil window in nigeria niger delta basin. The niger delta is the delta of the niger river sitting directly on the gulf of guinea on the atlantic ocean in nigeria. Africa nigeria gulf of guinea niger delta niger delta basin oml egina field 0. Niger delta geographical region, africa britannica. Today, delta sedimentation is still wavedominated and longshore drift cells divergent burke, 1972. Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the niger delta 7 during the middlelate eocene, sediment was deposited fig.
While some facilitated access to relevant information and data, others provided. The niger river, with a total length of about 4100 km, is the thirdlongest river in africa, after the nile and the congozaire rivers, and the longest and largest river in west africa. Within the delta the river breaks up into an in nigeria. The tertiary section of the niger delta is divided into three.
Map of the niger river basin, showing the four sub basins. As a sedimentary basin, the niger delta en compasses a region that is much larger than the geographical extent of the modern delta constructed by the nigerbenue drainage systems. At this time, deposition of paralic sediments began in the niger delta basin proper and, as the sediments prograded south, the coastline became progressively more convex seaward. Geological evaluation of hydrocarbon prospect of fobfield. Study location, geologic setting and clay mineralogy representative wells of gbaran, santa barbara, kolo creek, elepa and korokoro fields respectively. Ethnic and political unrest continued throughout the 1990s despite the return to democracy clarification needed and the election of the obasanjo. The stratigraphic sequence of the niger delta basin has been described by avbovbo, 1978 a nd short and s tauble, 1967. This basin is very complex, and it carries high economic value as it contains a very. The first began with a marine incursion in the middle cretaceous and was terminated by a mild folding phase in santonian time. Application of seismic stratigraphy and structural. The cretaceous section has not been penetrated beneath the niger delta basin, the youngest and southernmost sub basin in the benueabakaliki trough reijers and others, 1997. The niger river basin food and agriculture organization. These formations become progressively younger farther into the basin, recording the longterm progradation of depositional environments of the niger delta onto. The delta was formed as a major continental embankment.
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